Commentaries & Articles
Lessons of Ukraine War, and Applicability on India
Since it began, the Russia-Ukraine has thrown up an overabundance of geopolitical, geo-economic and geostrategic lessons. It is humbling to note that the lessons of 2021 were in total variance with those of 2022. India has learnt significant geostrategic lessons too in last three years, especially of the untrustworthiness of the Northern neighbour. Though there were writings on the wall, these were largely unread, in the hope of improvement in relations!
West Asia – 2022 Gone by with a Twist
West Asia never ceases to spring surprises. 2022 was no different in that regard except that conflicts became milder but the Black Swan events did not spare them either. As the countries, even the oil rich ones, were beginning to come out of the adverse impacts of the Covid 19 pandemic the Russia-Ukraine war threw newer challenges where not only their economy but the politico-strategic tools had to be honed and sharpened.
Making sense of Nepal Elections
New government has been formed in Nepal after much anticipation with Prachanda as the Prime Minister. Leading 170 members in 275 member House of Representatives, his party Nepal Communist Party (Maoist Centre) [NCP(MC)] has allied with KP Sharma Oli led Communist Party of Nepal (United Marxist Leninist) [CPN(UML)] and four others; Rashtriya Swatantra Party (RSP), Rashtriya Prajatantra Party (RPP), Janata Samajbadi Party (JSP), Janamat Party (JP), Nagrik Unmukti Party (NUP) and four independents.
U.S National Defense Strategy – 2022: Old Wine in New Bottle?
Introduction
On October 27, 2022, the US government published the unclassified version of the National Defense Strategy (NDS), along with the Nuclear Posture Review (NPR) and Missile Defense Review (MDR).
The Outlook for 2023
The year 2022 will go down in history in which the great power rivalries returned with a vengeance. Even as the Covid pandemic lingered on, the world saw a major conflict erupting in Europe, bringing in its wake huge supplychain disruptions, an unprecedented energy and food crisis and high inflation which plunged many countries into bankruptcy and indebtedness.
Xi Jinping’s Growing Bonhomie with Saudi Arabia: Implications
There is a geopolitical reset centring in the Middle East where the US influence seems to have waned while China’s clout shows sign of growing. This assertion is backed by the development when the Chinese President Xi Jinping after securing an unprecedented third term at the 20th Party Congress in October 2022 visited Saudi Arabia from 7 to 10 December much to the discomfort of Washington, Saudi Arabia’s main security provider.
COP 27 and its Outcomes
In this VIF podcast, PK Khup Hangzo, Associate Fellow and Heena Samant , Research Assistant at VIF discuss COP 27 and its outcomes. The episode is conversational and flags both the positive as well as negative outcomes of COP 27 which took place from 6th to 20th of November 2022. This episode also reflects on India's position at COP 27 and ends with different perspectives on the future of climate change negotiations. 
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The Vivekananda International Foundation (VIF) is a New Delhi-based think tank set up with the collaborative efforts of India's leading security experts, diplomats and philanthropists under the aegis of the Vivekananda Kendra. The VIF’s objective is to become a centre of excellence to kick start innovative ideas and thoughts that can lead to a stronger, secure and prosperous India playing its destined role in global affairs.

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