Articles | Vivekananda International Foundation

Reimagining India’s Strategic Culture: From Endurance to Environment-Shaping

April 25, 2025 Prerna Gandhi, Associate Fellow, VIF Commentary

India’s strategic culture is deeply intertwined with its civilizational history, reflecting a blend of moral philosophy, pragmatic statecraft, and enduring resilience. Unlike Chinese strategy, which is often interpreted through the lens of Sun Tzu�....

International Relations and Diplomacy

Tags : Commentary , dharma , Kautilya , Narrative , Civilizational , Optimization , Active Strategizing , Capability Building , Emergence

The Iran Conundrum and its Implications for India

April 24, 2025 Aishwarya Dutta, Young Professional, VIF Article

On March 15, the Trump administration launched preemptive airstrikes against Houthi rebels in Yemen, whose escalating attacks on shipping, including piracy, violence, and terrorism, have been disrupting the Red Sea. This region is crucial, as it hand....

International Relations and Diplomacy

Tags : Article , India , NATO , Nagorno-Karabakh , Trump Netanyahu cooperation , Hezbollah- Houthi , Iran's axis of resistance , Iran- Turkey rivalry , Ottoman- Safavid Empire , Sunni Shia , Iran relations , Nuclear deals

China’s Intentions Towards India Have Not Changed

April 24, 2025 Jayadeva Ranade Article

While Chinese leaders are making statements that attempt to gloss over the developments of recent years and seek to convey that China is keen on normalising relations and that together the two can develop and grow their economies, the reality is quit....

International Relations and Diplomacy , China

Tags : Article , India , China , border issue , PLI , Tibet Military District , 75th anniversary , Civilizational power

South Sudan In Turmoil: A Nation in Crisis

April 23, 2025 Dr Shambhavi Anand, Research Assistant, VIF Article

Context The political situation in South Sudan has become tense after its First Vice-President Riek Machar was arrested on accusations of encouraging the militia to overrun a military base in Nasir. According to the Sudan People’s Libe....

International Relations and Diplomacy , Africa

Tags : Article , India , South Sudan , Peace , Sudan , Civil war , Ethnic Conflict , Economic Challenges

From Sanctions to Nuclear Deterrence: Europe’s Peace Plan for Ukraine

April 22, 2025 Dr Shreya Sinha, Associate Fellow, VIF Commentary

With almost two months behind since the start of negotiations between the United States and Russia on the war in Ukraine, Russia’s recent deadly missile attacks on Zelenskyy’s hometown Kryvyi Rih on April 4 and the Ukrainian city of Sumy on April....

International Relations and Diplomacy , Europe

Tags : Commentary , Russia , Trump , Putin , sanctions , European Union , UK , France , Germany , nuclear deterrence , Zelenskyy , Debt Brake , Ukraine. European Security , Coalition of the Willing , Peace Plan

AIKEYME: India- Africa Maritime Engagement Gets a Boost

April 22, 2025 Ruchita Beri, Senior Fellow, VIF Article

On 13 April 2025, Tanzania’s Minister of Defence, Stergomena Lawrence Tax and India’s Minister of State for Defence, Sanjay Seth in the presence of Chief of Naval Staff, Admiral Dinesh K Tripathi jointly inaugurated AIKEYME (Africa-India Key Mari....

International Relations and Diplomacy , Africa

Tags : Article , India , Indian Ocean Region , Africa , Security , Maritime Engagement , AIKEYME

A Princely Contribution to Indian Archaeological Heritage

April 21, 2025 Arunansh B. Goswami Commentary

India possesses a wealth of ancient sites and archaeological treasures. Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has been a strong advocate for "cultural nationalism," emphasizing the dual themes of "Vikas and Virasat." His efforts are directed towards the ....

Historical and Civilisational Studies

Tags : Commentary , Archaeological Survey of India , ASI , Gupta period , Gupta Temples , Scindias , UNESCO World Heritage

What Should be India’s Response to Trump’s Reciprocal Tariffs

April 21, 2025 Gopalan Balachandran Article

On April 2, (at around 4.00 p.m. (EST), President Trump in his characteristic fashion, threw a bombshell on the way international trade and trade negotiations were conducted by unilaterally announcing a set of shockingly high tariffs on US trading p....

International Relations and Diplomacy , US

Tags : Article , China , India US BTA , Trump Reciprocal Tariffs

Deep Seek and India’s AI Mission

April 17, 2025 Arvind Gupta, Director, VIF Commentary

What is DeepSeek? DeepSeek is a China-invented AI model which represents a paradigm shift in the development of Artificial Intelligence Models. As the Chinese paper which developed DeepSeek said, “Our goal is to explore the potential o....

Technological and Scientific Studies

Tags : Commentary , US , China , AI , Nvidia , DeepSeek , LLMs , India's AI Mission

India and the Shifting Sands of Geopolitics

April 17, 2025 Rajesh Singh Article

Geopolitics and geo-strategies are like shifting sands. They change according to developing circumstances and are also influenced by the quality and outlook of leaderships. They take into account the need to address old and emerging considerations of....

International Relations and Diplomacy

Tags : Article , Chabahar Port , Iran , Henry Kissinger , Muhammad Yunus , Mohamed Muizzu , Indo-Soviet treaty of friendship , Ayatollah Khomeini , India-Sri Lanka defence pact , Richard Nixon